$GOOGL · Parkev Tatevosian, CFA · 2026-11-07
Alphabet 是高确定性的买入机会:DCF 公允价值为每股 354 美元,而市价为 279 美元;按 18.6 倍市盈率计算,无论从哪个角度看都显得被低估。营收增长 25%,Google Cloud 增长超过 100%,积压订单达 5610 亿美元,ROIC 为 38%,高于 9.8% 的资本成本。
逐段跳播
Alphabet 的股价在触及每股约400美元后就已经处于下跌趋势,但在公司公布季度业绩后,股价又进一步下跌了10%。
Alphabet's stock was already in a downtrend after hitting around $400 a share, but after the company announced its quarterly results, the stock fell an additional 10%.
投资者问我:“我怎么看这份业绩?我认为这是买入机会吗?我该怎么处理手里的股票?我有没有兴趣买入更多 Alphabet 股票?等等。”
Investors ask me: "What do I think of the results? Do I think it's a buying opportunity? What should I do with my shares? Am I interested in buying more Alphabet shares? etc."
接下来我会和大家分享我的现金流折现模型,用它来计算 Alphabet 股票的合理价值。最后,我会回答我认为这是否是买入机会,以及我是否有兴趣在当前价位买入更多。
Then I will share with you my discounted cash flow model, which calculates the fair value of Alphabet stock. Finally, I will answer whether I think it is a buying opportunity, and whether I am interested in buying more at these levels.
营收增长了25%,与去年同期相比是一个强劲的增速。
Revenues increased by 25%, a strong growth rate compared to the same period last year.
研发支出增长了36%,这得益于对 AI 专业人才的投入以及消费。既然 Alphabet 在合理优化其资本配置,我对此感到满意。
Research and development spending rose by 36%, driven by investments in AI-specialized talent, as well as consumption. Since Alphabet is optimizing its capital allocation reasonably, I am satisfied with that.
我并不介意看到 Alphabet 在研发上投入更多。但得益于营收增长,即使花了更多钱,我仍然实现了30%的营业利润增长。
I wouldn't mind seeing Alphabet invest more in research and development. But thanks to revenue growth, I was able to achieve 30% growth in operating profit even after spending more money.
这一点尤其让我非常失望,特别是因为 SpaceX 一上市、股价上涨,我就一直要求 Alphabet 清掉它持有的全部 SpaceX 股份。
This in particular disappointed me greatly, especially since, as soon as SpaceX went public and the share price rose, I was demanding that Alphabet get rid of all its shares in SpaceX.
在我看来,它一开放认购就估值过高了,我倒是希望它确实如此。但她却继续持有。我不知道他们出售股份是否受到限制,但他们一直持有 SpaceX 的股份,如今由于对 SpaceX 的投资,他们在上一季度蒙受了82亿美元的亏损。
In my opinion, it was greatly overvalued immediately after it was offered for subscription, and I wish it had been. But instead, she kept it. I don't know if there were restrictions on selling their shares, but they held onto their SpaceX shares, and now they incurred a loss of $8.2 billion in the last quarter as a result of their investment in SpaceX.
我希望他们清掉所持有的全部 SpaceX 股份。作为 Alphabet 的股东,我敦促 Alphabet 在不影响其战略的前提下,剥离所有可以出售的 SpaceX 股份。
I hope they get rid of all the SpaceX shares they own. As an Alphabet shareholder, I urge Alphabet to divest all SpaceX shares it can sell without affecting its strategy.
我知道 SpaceX 是 Alphabet 的客户,我不知道如果 Alphabet 卖掉股份,它是否还会继续做客户。
I know that SpaceX is an Alphabet customer, and I don't know if it would remain so if Alphabet sold its shares.
这让我很想弄清楚情况,但就估值和资本使用而言,我更愿意把这笔资本投到别处。因此,当我得知上一季度营业现金流相比去年同期没有增长的原因之一,是张量处理单元(TPU)的库存积累时,我松了一口气。
This makes me curious to understand the situation, but in terms of valuation and use of capital, I would prefer to invest this capital elsewhere. Therefore, I was relieved to learn that one of the reasons for the lack of increased operating cash flow in the last quarter compared to the same quarter last year was the accumulation of inventory of power processing units (TPUs).
我确信这些张量处理单元(TPU)的需求一直非常巨大,Amazon 及其自研芯片也是如此。对提升智能计算的芯片需求正在增长,因此它们很可能带来可观的销售额。
I know for certain that the demand for these Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) has been enormous, and the same applies to Amazon and its own chips. There is increasing demand for chips that improve smart computing, so they are likely to generate significant sales.
它已经实现了显著的销售增长,因此随着这些单元售出并回笼现金,这一情况很可能会在下一季度体现出来。
It has already achieved remarkable sales growth, so this situation is likely to be reflected in the next quarter as these units are sold and cash is obtained.
尽管进行了借款并大量出售股票,其资产负债表仍处于极佳状态。它这样做是为了满足未来的需求,而不是为了满足当前的需求,因为它拥有超过2650亿美元的现金和有价资产,以及1250亿美元的长期债务。
Its balance sheet remains in excellent condition despite borrowing and selling large quantities of shares. It does this in anticipation of its future needs, not to meet its current needs, as it has more than $265 billion in cash and marketable assets, and $125 billion in long-term debt.
它可以用现金储备偿还全部债务,之后仍会剩下1400亿美元。因此,它的资产负债表状况极佳,但它这样做是为了满足未来的需求,因为它有9240亿美元的租赁未来采购承诺,以及其他1520亿美元的承诺。
It can use its cash reserves to pay off all its debts, and it will still have $140 billion left. Therefore, its balance sheet is in excellent shape, but it is doing so in anticipation of its future needs, as it has future purchase commitments of $924 billion in leases and other commitments of $152 billion.
但他们在这里强调,这只是合同承诺的最高上限,而且其中许多协议在定价和数量上具有灵活性,这可能导致支出减少。
But they emphasize here that this is just the maximum limit of the contractual commitment, and that many of these agreements feature flexibility in pricing and quantity, which may lead to reduced spending.
我认为 Alphabet 也表明了这一点。例如,这是他们就已同意使用的部分零部件和租赁所将支出的最高金额,但这并不一定意味着这就是最高值。这是最高上限,而支出很可能会低于这一水平。
I believe Alphabet also indicates this. For example, this is the maximum amount they will spend on some of these components and leases that they have agreed to use, but this does not necessarily mean that it will be the maximum.
This is the maximum, and it is very likely that spending will be less than this level.
Google Cloud 上一季度实现了超过100%的收入增长,拥有价值5610亿美元的订单积压,管理层预计将在未来24个月内将这些订单中的55%转化为收入。
Google Cloud achieved revenue growth of over 100% in the last quarter, has a backlog of orders worth $561 billion, and management expects to convert 55% of these orders into revenue within the next 24 months.
也就是说,5600亿美元中约有2800亿美元将在未来两年内转化为收入。考虑到 Google Cloud 还如此年轻,以及其预计在未来24个月内实现超过1000亿美元年收入的预测,这是一项惊人的成就。
That is, about $280 billion out of $560 billion will be converted into revenue over the next two years. This is an amazing achievement considering how new Google Cloud is and its projections of generating over $100 billion in annual revenue over the next 24 months.
正如我之前提到的,TPU 系统的销售在上一季度继续增长,随后在2027年收入将大幅增加。
As I mentioned earlier, TPU system sales continue to grow during the last quarter, followed by a significant increase in revenue in 2027.
这些芯片的需求非常巨大。如果到2027年这个数字接近3000亿美元,我不会感到意外。如果 Alphabet 的这个数字在2500亿到3000亿美元之间,我不会感到意外,而 Amazon 的这个数字当然也不会让我感到意外。
The demand for these chips is enormous. I wouldn't be surprised if the figure approached $300 billion by 2027. It wouldn't surprise me if the figure ranged between $250 and $300 billion from Alphabet, and it certainly wouldn't surprise me from Amazon.
这个行业的预算正在大幅增加,这是供需法则的结果。如你所见,Google Cloud 的业务实现了100%的收入增长,并拥有超过5000亿美元的订单积压。
The budgets of this sector are increasing significantly, and this is a result of the law of supply and demand. As you can see, Google Cloud's business has achieved 100% revenue growth and has a backlog of orders exceeding $500 billion.
当然,你会希望建立这样一种业务:客户排队等候,让你有数十亿美元,可以在你开发的任何产品一发布时就买下它。
Of course, you would want to build the kind of business that has customers waiting in line, giving you billions of dollars to buy any product you develop as soon as it's released.
有一点我认为投资者没有充分认识到:投资回报。他们在这一投资周期中反复强调,他们预计将实现有吸引力的投资资本回报率,该回报率仍远高于资本成本,并且他们预计将产生强劲的经营现金流。
Here is something that I believe investors do not appreciate enough: the return on investment. They have repeatedly emphasized during this investment cycle that they expect to achieve an attractive return on invested capital, which remains well above the cost of capital, and they expect to generate a strong cash flow from operations.
事实上,如果我们看看 Alphabet 在做出这类预测时的可信度,它以前这样做过吗?还是说他们只是在做营销,希望取得他们从未取得过的成果?
In fact, if we look at Alphabet to determine its credibility when it makes this type of prediction, has it ever done so before? Or are they simply marketing in the hope of achieving results they have never achieved before?
事实上,他们在资本配置方面相对有效,并且在这方面正在改善。自2026年以来,他们的投资资本回报率已超过30%,甚至自2025年以来就超过了30%,最近更达到38%。这相当于公司加权平均资本成本的三倍。
In fact, they have been relatively effective in allocating capital, and are improving in this respect. Their return on invested capital has exceeded 30% since 2026, and even exceeded 30% since 2025, and recently reached 38%.
This is equivalent to three times the company's weighted average cost of capital.
说到加权平均资本成本,我计算出的结果是9.8%。这是我评估公司折现现金流的一部分,也就是估算我认为公司从今天到非常遥远的未来所能产生的现金流金额。
Speaking of the weighted average cost of capital, I calculated it at 9.8%. I do this as part of my assessment of the company's discounted cash flows, which estimates the amount of cash flow I believe the company will generate between today and the very distant future.
我用资本成本对这些现金流进行折现,因为未来的钱价值低于今天握在手里的钱。在这些计算结束时,我得出结论:这家公司每股价值354美元,而当前市场价格是279美元。
I discount these cash flows using the cost of capital because the value of money in the future is less than the value of money in our pockets today. At the end of these calculations, I concluded that the company is worth $354 per share, while the current market price is $279.
因此,用这种估值方法来看,这只股票似乎被低估了。
Therefore, the stock appears to be undervalued using this valuation method.
再看用市盈率倍数进行的估值,我们发现这只股票的交易市盈率为18.6,我也认为它被低估了。因此,无论采用哪种估值方法,Alphabet 股票似乎都被低估了。
Looking at the valuation using the price-to-earnings multiple, we find that the stock is trading at 18.6, which I also consider to be undervalued. Therefore, regardless of the valuation method used, Alphabet stock appears to be undervalued.
基于这些因素,并回答我在标题中提出的问题,我认为 Alphabet 股票是一个买入机会。我对这一判断非常有信心。
Based on these factors, and to answer the question I posed in the title, I believe that Alphabet stock represents a buying opportunity. I have great confidence in this assessment.
观察点
这个频道对 $GOOGL 的历次判断
Parkev Tatevosian, CFA 在这只股票上共 8 条判断,这里只列相邻的几条。