LULU 的低市盈率在 CEO 更替、创始人代理权之争以及北美放缓加快之后失效。北美已饱和;中国同店销售下降 8%,紧身裤销售下降 20%,市场份额下滑至 44%。品牌并未受损,仍占据该品类一半份额;尽管回调合理,市场情绪仍过度悲观。
逐段跳播
我当时相当看好 Lululemon,也看好它的估值。所以,对像我这样爱捡便宜的人来说,Lululemon 显然更容易下手。它当时的估值非常便宜。我记得是10倍、12倍、14倍市盈率,即便增长在放缓,我仍然认为它足够便宜,能带来不错的回报。
I was pretty bullish on Lululemon at that time and and its valuation So, Lululemon was definitely an easier sell to a cheapkate like me. It was trading very cheaply. Uh, I think, you know, 10, 12, 14 times earnings, and even with slowing growth, I still thought it was cheap enough to make a decent return.
所以自那以后,有几件事对我不利:CEO 离任,由两位临时联席 CEO 接替;与公司创始人 Chip Wilson 爆发了委托书之争;然后是其核心市场北美的销售放缓,说实话,这发生得比我预想的快得多得多。
And so a few things have since gone against me with that bet, including the CEO stepping away and being replaced with two interim co-CEOs, a proxy battle with the company's founder, Chip Wilson, and then just a deceleration in sales in their core market of North America that honestly occurred much much faster than I anticipated.
尤其是我本以为买入 Lulu 时有着相当宽的安全边际,但事情还是比我设想的更糟。
especially because I I thought I was buying Lulu with a pretty wide margin of safety, but still things manage to go worse than I imagine.
因为 Lulu 对我而言是一个非常痛苦的提醒:看起来更便宜的股票,并不总是更好的资金去处。
because Lulu has very much been a painful reminder to me that stocks that look cheaper are not always the better place to put capital.
虽然我确实认为有少数产品线,比如 Golden 和 TNA,是更直接的竞争对手,但总的来说,它的产品组合和 Lululemon 其实并没有太多重叠。
And while I I do think there's a few product lines like Golden and and TNA that are more direct competitors, I mean, for the most part, there really is not a much overlap with its product assortment and and Lululemons.
所以,当然让我眼前一亮、你可以把它记上一笔的,就是 Lululemon,Kyle。Lulu 上季度收到了1.35亿美元的退款,这使其每股收益增加了86美分,而那个季度营收实际上下降了4%。
So, the one that of course jumped out to me, and you can add this to your tally, Kyle, is Lululemon. Lulu received $135 million in refunds last quarter, and that added 86 cents a share to their earnings in a quarter where revenue actually fell off 4%.
对我来说情况很相似:在我人生至今的大部分时间里,Lululemon 都是女性想穿的运动休闲高端品牌,几乎不分年龄;近年来,这一点在男装上也越来越成立。
It was a pretty similar thing for me where it felt like for much of my life at this point, Lululemon was the premium brand women wanted to wear for athleisure. Really almost regardless of age and in recent years that was increasingly true for men's wear, too.
而这正是让我认为这个品牌确实已经超越了昙花一现的原因——我并不认为它只是昙花一现——但它的持久力也没有像我原本希望的那样被证明足够强。
And and that is what made me think that the brand has really transcended being a fad, which I don't think it is, but also their staying power hasn't proven to be as robust as I would have hoped either.
所以,无论我对 Lulu 的押注是对是错——我们今天不是来争论这个的——作为 Peter Lynch 的粉丝,我确实认为我们总是欣赏那些能触摸、能感受、能产生某种情感联系的品牌。
So regardless of whether I made the right or wrong bet on Lulu, which we're not here to litigate today, being the Peter Lynch fans that we are, I do think we always appreciate brands that we can touch and and sort of feel and have some sort of emotional contact with.
而对我来说,正是我亲身穿着 Lululemon 产品的体验,让我真正认可了它们的品质,这也帮助我真正做出了投资决定。
And for me, it was my firsthand experience with wearing Lululemon products that I could really appreciate their quality and that helped me really decide on making an investment decision.
Lululemon 拥有的优势之一,是它能够销售自己的品牌,并真正掌控品牌被认知的方式。我知道你也喜欢 Lululemon,Kyle。所以你也熟悉那些门店维护得有多好,以及它们如何依靠一个由它们赞助的瑜伽老师网络,以更自然的方式传播品牌,其想法是学生会想穿他们看到教练穿的衣服。
One of the advantages that Lululemon has had is its ability to sell its own brand and really take control of how the brand is perceived. And I I know you like Lululemon as well, Kyle.
So, you are familiar with how well-kept those stores are too, and how they relied on a network of actually yoga teachers that they sponsor as a way to spread the brand more organically, with the idea being that students will want to wear what they see their instructors wearing.
如果 Lululemon 在其他商店销售其服装,我确实认为品牌形象被削弱的风险会高得多,原因很简单:Lululemon 就交出了对其产品如何呈现、是否打折、是否与不太受欢迎的品牌摆在一起的控制权。
And if Lululemon were to sell its apparel in other stores, I do think the brand's image would be at much higher risk of of being diminished simply because Lululemon is handing over control of how its products are presented and whether they're discounted or or placed alongside less desirable brands.
这确实就是通过第三方零售商销售的风险。关键在于,他们可能不会像你希望的那样对待你的品牌。正因如此,Lululemon 不允许第三方销售其商品,以便掌控客户关系。
That really is the risk of selling through third party retailers. And the point being they they might not treat your brand the way you'd like them to. And for that reason, Lululemon does not allow its merchandise to be sold by third parties so they can control the customer relationship.
所以基本上,他们成功地执行了这套自有渠道的打法,也就是把客户关系握在自己手里——这正是 Nike 想做到、而 Lululemon 大体上做到了的事。而在 Nike 这边,他们很快就放弃了。
And so basically, they're successfully running this first party playbook of owning the customer relationship that Nike wanted to achieve and that Lululemon does for the most part do. And in Nike's case, they quickly gave up on.
所以,我不认为 Lululemon 经历过那种真正严重伤害到顾客的时刻。但如果我说这个品牌没有失去一些让它与众不同的东西,那我也是在撒谎。
And so, I don't think Lululemon has had one of these moments where it really burned its customers. But I also be lying if I said the brand hadn't lost some of what makes it special.
所以,紧身裤大约占 Lulu 销售额的三分之一。上个季度它们下跌了约20%,因为消费者的偏好转向了更宽松的款式。
And so, leggings are are roughly a third of Lulu's sales. And they fell about 20% last quarter as taste shifted toward looser outfits.
而根据一项估算,8月份 Lulu 在运动休闲市场的份额实际上下降了约10个百分点,降至大约44%,而 Aloe 和 Viori 两家合计拿走了其中很大一部分市场份额。
And by one estimate, Lulu's share of the athleisure market was actually down about 10 percentage points in August to roughly 44% with Aloe and Viori taking a lot of that market share between the two of them.
所以,我会把它描述为:也许品牌受损程度没那么严重,真正的问题更多出在产品引擎上。他们推出的一系列产品已经陈旧、反响平平。而 Lulu 仍然占据着这个品类将近一半的份额。所以,这仍然是他们自己输掉的局。而且人们显然仍然很喜欢这个品牌。
So, I would describe it as maybe a less broken brand and really more of a product engine. You know, the the suite of products that they've rolled out have been stale and landed flat.
And Lulu still owns really close to half the category. So, it is their game to lose. And people clearly do still love the brand.
问题在于,本月刚刚接任 CEO 的前 Nike 高管 Heidi O'Neal 能否让产品重新变得令人兴奋。
And the question is whether Heidi O'Neal, the former Nike executive who just took over as CEO this month, can make the product exciting again.
是的,我确实看到了其中的讽刺之处:Nike 一直是我举的另一个管理不完善的零售品牌例子。而现在,Heidi 从那里过来,试图拯救 Lulu。
And yes, I I do see the irony there that Nike has been my example of another imperfectly managed retail brand. And now we have Heidi coming from there to try and and save Lulu.
是啊。那就看看这一切最后会怎么发展吧。所以,我也不确定 Lululemon 的品牌是否真的已经衰落了。就像你说的,我仍然看到人们一直在穿它。
Yeah. Well, we'll see how that all works out here. So, I'm not sure Lululemon's brand has really faltered either. Just like you said, I still see people wearing them all the time.
所以,我对 Lululemon 的主要担忧——这个担忧我已经有好几年了——就是该品牌在其主要市场北美已经极其知名。而且因为美国长期以来对 Lululemon 来说都是一个惊人的增长故事,这个市场已经基本饱和,这意味着增长正变得越来越难以实现。
So, my primary worry with Lululemon, which I've had for the past few years, is just that the brand is incredibly wellknown in its primary market of North America. And because the US was such an incredible growth story for so long for Lululemon, it's been largely saturated, which means that growth is becoming increasingly harder to come by.
但我想在这里再多深入谈谈债务问题,因为吸引我关注 Lululemon 的部分原因在于,它运营几乎完全不需要债务。至少在过去12个月之前都是如此,而在这段时间里,它的净债务与 IBITA 之比从负值变成了现在大约0.3倍。
But I I I think I'd like to dig into maybe the debt question a bit more here because part of what attracted me to Lululemon was that it really needed pretty much zero debt to operate.
And so that was true at least until the last 12 months where its net debt to IBITA went from being negative and and now is about.3 times.
所以,这同样是我关注它的部分吸引力所在:他们行业领先的资本回报率、强劲的资产负债表、自行融资支持自身增长的能力。所有这些都非常有前景,再加上这个更偏 Peter Lynch 式的轶事性事实——我对这个品牌的质量有很强的消费者信心,而且感觉它在我许多朋友和家人中仍然非常受欢迎。
Uh so again that was that was part of the draw for me of looking at you know their industry leading rates of return on capital, their strong balance sheet, their ability to to self-fund their own growth.
All of that was was very promising on top of this more Peter Lynch anecdotal fact that I I had a lot of uh consumer confidence in the quality of the brand and um felt like it was very popular still with a lot of my friends and and family.
而如果你只看 Lululemon——它最近刚把掌舵权交给了一位来自 Nike 的外部人士——市场对这条消息并没有真正欢呼。
And if you just look at Lululemon, which again recently handed the keys to an outsider from Nike, the market did not exactly cheer on that news.
我认为,如果你身处零售业,你真的会不惜一切代价避免这种 Nike 或 Lululemon 时刻——就是那种感觉有人按下了开关,突然就削弱了你品牌的相关性和影响力的时刻。
I think if you're in retail, you just want to avoid at all costs really this Nike or Lululemon moment when it feels like someone has flipped a switch and just suddenly reduced the relevance and impact of your brand.
而且我怀疑 Nike 或 Lululemon 短期内会彻底消失。这一点我可以非常肯定地说。但它们的品牌在过去几年里确实已经削弱了。而这让股东们感到懊恼。
And I doubt Nike or Lululemon will disappear entirely anytime soon. I can say that very confidently. But their brands have have certainly weakened over the last few years. And that has been to the chagrin of shareholders.
Lululemon 曾有过很多很多这样大超预期的季度,很多惊人的数字。
Lululemon had lots and lots of blowout quarters like these, lots of incredible numbers.
现在,值得指出的是,我知道市场肯定非常、非常密切地关注库存水平,因为我认为在零售业你必须如此。所以,我知道过去 Lululemon 也出现过人们指出的库存水平上升,但你也必须记住,他们在扩大配送中心的规模,而且他们的需求越来越高。
所以,是的,虽然库存在上升,但对于一个销量也在不断增加的品牌来说,这多少是意料之中的。
Now, it's worth noting that I know the market definitely pays very, very close attention to inventory levels because I think you have to in retail. So, I know in the past with Lululemon, they've had these rising inventory levels that people have pointed out, but you also have to remember they're increasing the size of their distribution centers and their demand is going up higher and higher.
So, yes, while inventory is raising, you would kind of expect that from a brand that's also selling more and more apparel.
这些来自加拿大、然后拿下美国的高端服装品牌到底是怎么回事?Limit 也是这样的故事。
What is it with these uh premium apparel brands coming from Canada and then taking over the US, right? That's that's the story of Limit, too.
我认为 Lululemon 在这里又是一个很好的案例。中国对 Lulu 来说一直是一个真正的亮点,那里的收入就在今年第一季度还增长了约30%。但即便以这样的速度,也无法弥补北美的减速,因为美洲仍占 Lulu 销售额的大约四分之三,而中国只占约15%。
而要抵消美洲收入5%的下滑,中国每年需要增长大约25%。而上个季度,就连中国也开始急剧放缓,那里的同店销售额按固定汇率计算下降了8%。所以,国际市场确实可以成为精彩的第二幕,但一旦核心市场开始停滞,它很难拯救整个业务。
>> Well, I I think Lululemon is again a good case study here. China has been a real bright spot for Lulu with revenue there growing around 30% as recently as the first quarter of this year.
But even at that pace, it couldn't make up for North America decelerating because the Americas are still roughly 3/4 of Lulu's sales while China is only about 15%. And just to offset a 5% decline in America's revenue, China would need to grow something like 25% a year.
And last quarter, even China began to slow sharply with comparable sales there falling 8% in in constant currency. So international can be really a great second act, but it's hard for it to rescue a business once its core market begins to stall out.
现在,我认为像 Aritzia 这样的企业相对于 Lululemon 或 Nike 的最大区别在于,这家企业还有很大的收入增长空间。
Now, I think the big differentiator that you get with a business like Aritzia versus a Lululemon or a Nike is that the business has a lot of revenue growth left in it.
而且我仍然认为,这个品牌还有很长的路要走,才能达到Nike和Lulu现在那种饱和的感觉。我得说,Kyle,我觉得你让我对这项业务的欣赏程度,比你最初推荐它时我本会有的更高,尤其是因为我当时还因为自己在Lululemon上的亏损而有点没缓过来。
And I still think the brand has a long way to go until it gets that kind of saturated feel that Nike and Lulu are now experiencing. >> So I I got to say, Kyle, I feel like you have made me more appreciative of this business than I would have been after you first pitched it, especially since I was reeling a bit from my Lululemon losses.
我认为其中一部分原因是我在Lululemon上的经历。
And I think part of that is my experience with Lululemon.
所以和Lululemon不同,这个品牌我确实完全没有消费者层面的接触点。
And so unlike Lululemon, it really is a brand that I just have no consumer touch points either.
所以我把Lululemon被提及次数的盘口设在10次左右,而最终计数——公平地说,这还包括我自己提到的几次——超过了30次。
So, I set the overunder for Lululemon mentions at about 10 and the final count and in fairness I'm including a few of my own is over 30.
不过零售业一直都很残酷。但没错,我明白你的意思。Lulu股价的回调是有道理的,因为增长已经开始放缓,关税也让事情变得复杂。
Retail has always been brutal though. But yeah, I hear you. A correction in Lulu stock was warranted as growth has started to slow and tariffs complicated things.
但市场先生似乎在一家好公司刚刚出现真正问题的初步迹象之后,就对它过度悲观了。由于几乎所有销售都来自DTC而非批发,Lulu能以很少有其他品牌能做到的方式掌控自己的品牌和命运。更不用说他们在中国扩张已经取得的成功了。
But Mr. Market seems to have really excessively soured on a great company after what really has been the first signs of trouble. With almost all of its sales coming from DTC rather than wholesale, Lulu controls its brand and destiny in a way that few other brands can. to say nothing about the success they've already had expanding in China.
这个频道对 $LULU 的历次判断
The Intrinsic Value Podcast 在这只股票上共 3 条判断,这里只列相邻的几条。