$RBLX

重申买入 Roblox,信心程度为中等:股价 49.55 美元时,按接近多年来最低的 21 倍自由现金流市盈率看显得低估,但相对其约 46 美元的 DCF 公允价值仅属合理估值,刚好落在 5-10% 的安全边际之内;保守的收入确认方式低估了其收入。

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《Roblox Excercises Conservative Revenue Recognition Policy》
Parkev Tatevosian, CFA发布 2026-10-20 · 21 段内容
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21 段内容
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元宇宙领域的领军者 Roblox 正在为开发者推出更多功能,让开发数百万用户喜爱的游戏这一过程变得更轻松、更有趣。

Roblox, the leader in Metaverse, is working on rolling out additional features for developers to make the process of creating games that millions of users love to play easier and more exciting.

要记住,开发者在 Roblox 上只有在他们的游戏带来用户消费和互动时才能赚钱。开发者并非由 Roblox 直接雇佣,但他们在这个平台上设计应用;当他们的应用和游戏带来互动和利润时,这些开发者就能获得报酬。

Remember that developers only make money on Roblox if their games generate spending and interaction from users. The developers are not directly employed by Roblox, but they are on the platform and design applications, and when their applications and games generate interaction and profits, these developers get paid.

我其实很喜欢这种商业模式,因为它能激励开发者创作有吸引力的内容。开发者不是公司的员工,这或许能减少浪费,因为当开发者无论是否做出成功内容都能从公司拿到报酬时,游戏有时就不那么吸引人了。

I actually like this business model because it motivates developers to create engaging content. The developers are not employees of the company, which may reduce waste, as games are sometimes not appealing when developers are paid by the company regardless of whether they have created successful content or not.

我上一次评估 Roblox 是在7月31日。当时这只股票全年都在一路暴跌,股价不到每股40美元,我说在那个低点是一个很好的买入机会。

I last reviewed Roblox on July 31st. At that time, the stock had been in freefall all year. It was trading at less than $40 a share, and I said it was a great buying opportunity at that low point.

现在,自从我7月31日上次评估以来,股价已经上涨了大约10美元或12美元,我想重新评估这家公司,看看它是否仍然是一个有吸引力的买入机会。

Now I wanted to re-evaluate the company after the stock price jumped by about $10 or $12 since my last evaluation on July 31, to see if it was still an attractive buying opportunity.

你可以在这里看到 Roblox 股价的走势。自2026年初以来,这只股票仍下跌超过38%,但它正从7月31日每股约38美元和35美元的低点良好回升。

You can see the price movement of Roblox stock here. The stock is still down more than 38% since the start of 2026, but it is recovering well from those lows of around $38 and $35 per share on July 31.

自经济重启以来,这家公司一直让我感到意外。当然,这家领先的元宇宙公司把内容面向较年轻的人群,特别是11岁以下的儿童。自然,它在疫情期间蓬勃发展,当时孩子们待在家里、远离学校,课外活动被取消,孩子和家长不得不想办法在封锁期间让孩子有事可做。

This company has been a surprise to me since the economic reopening. Of course, this leading metaverse company directs its content towards younger individuals, specifically children under the age of 11.

Naturally, it flourished during the pandemic when children were at home away from school, extracurricular activities were cancelled, and children and parents had to find a way to keep their children occupied during those lockdown periods.

这家公司新增了数百万新客户,业务蒸蒸日上,但令人意外的是,即使在经济重启之后,它仍在增长。这家公司在过去12个月里实现了57亿美元的收入。这相比2019年约2亿美元有了显著增长。

The company added millions of new customers and business was booming, but surprisingly it is still growing even after the economic reopening. The company generated revenues of $5.7 billion during the past 12 months.

This represents a significant increase from approximately $200 million in 2019.

Roblox 是2022年底大力削减成本的公司之一。要记住,当时由于美联储快速加息,人们对即将到来的衰退充满恐惧。这些削减成本的努力现在开始见效了。

Roblox was one of the companies that made significant efforts to reduce costs in late 2022. Remember that this was at a time when there was a lot of fear of an impending recession as the US Federal Reserve rapidly raised interest rates.

Those cost-cutting efforts are now beginning to pay off.

如你所见,Roblox 的经营现金流与销售额之比已从2023年的15%增长一倍多,在过去12个月达到37%。Roblox 的净利润仍在亏损,但要记住,每次我做关于 Roblox 的视频,我都会强调这家公司计算收入的方式。

As you can see, Roblox's operating cash flow to sales ratio has more than doubled from 15% in 2023 to 37% over the past 12 months. Roblox is still losing money on its net profits, but remember that every time I make a video about Roblox, I highlight the way the company calculates its revenue.

当家庭或其他任何人向 Roblox 平台充值,要记住 Roblox 是免费游玩的,但你可以用“Rubex”货币购买付费产品。你往平台里充钱,比如10美元,作为回报你会得到“Robux”。

之后,这些“Rubex”货币就用于平台上的游戏。

When families or anyone else deposits money into the Roblox platform, remember that Roblox is free to play, but you can buy premium products using the "Rubex" currency. You put money into the platform, say $10, and in return you get "Robux".

After that, that "Rubex" currency is used in the games on the platform.

Roblox 把这10美元入账时,假设人们会把消费分摊到12到24个月里。然而,在这个平台上赚钱的大多数人花钱都相对较快。

Roblox charges for those ten dollars as if people would spread their purchases over a period of 12 to 24 months. However, most individuals who earn money on the platform spend it relatively quickly.

如果你有孩子,告诉我你的孩子会把10美元分摊到12到24个月里花,还是20美元或40美元,不管金额是多少。我知道,当我的孩子还小、玩 Roblox 的时候,他们会把生日或圣诞节收到的10美元在一个周末、一天或两天内花掉,而不是分摊到12或18个月。

If you have children, tell me if your children will distribute $10 over 12 to 24 months, or $20 or $40, whatever the amount may be. I know that when my children were younger and used Roblox, they would spend that ten dollars they received for their birthday or Christmas in a weekend or a day or two, not over 12 or 18 months.

因此,Roblox 遵循保守的会计政策,这导致了显著的亏损,进而造成净利润下滑;因为在我看来,它的收入没有被充分报告,这让它的利润表看起来比实际情况更差。

Therefore, Roblox follows conservative accounting policies, and this leads to significant losses that contribute to a decline in net profits; Because its revenues are not adequately reported in my opinion, which makes its income statement look worse than it actually is.

在公司进行重组和成本控制之后,其人均收入显著提高。2023年,他们每位员工创造120万美元。这个数字已升至176万美元。

After the company undertook restructuring and cost control efforts, its revenue per employee increased significantly. In 2023, they were generating $1.2 million per employee. This figure has risen to $1.76 million.

现在,由于这些政策,以及他们把开发者当作平台内容创作者的外包人员、只分享所产生的收入而不发工资,这就造成了一种局面:公司的人均收入可以从此继续大幅增长。尤其是当你把人工智能带来的生产力提升结合起来,这个数字对 Roblox 来说可能继续增长。

Now, because of the policies and how they treat developers as contractors who create content for the platform, where they only share in the revenue generated rather than salaries, this creates a situation where the company's revenue per employee can continue to increase significantly from here.

Especially when you combine the productivity benefits resulting from artificial intelligence, this number could continue to increase for Roblox.

对我来说,基于 Roblox 的市场倍数进行估值时,最准确的指标是市价与自由现金流之比,因为这家公司计算收入确认的方式如此。

For me, the most accurate figure to use in valuation based on Roblox's market multiplier is the price-to-free cash flow, due to the way the company calculates revenue recognition.

在我看来,市盈率并不像市价与自由现金流之比那样有用。

In my opinion, the price-to-earnings ratio or price-to-earnings ratio is not as useful as the price-to-free-cash-flow ratio.

按照这个指标,Roblox 目前的估值处于21的水平,接近多年来的最低估值。今天,我还用现金流折现法更新了对 Roblox 的估值,我估计其公允价值约为46美元。当前市场价格是49.55美元,这落在我的安全边际之内,或者说非常接近,差距在5%到10%之间。

According to this metric, Roblox is trading near its lowest valuation in years at the 21 level. Today, I also updated my Roblox valuation using discounted cash flow, and I estimate the fair value at around $46.

The current market price is $49.55, which is within my safety margin or very close to it by 5 to 10%.

因此,我想说,从市价与自由现金流比率来看,这只股票似乎被低估了;而用我的现金流折现模型来看,它似乎处于合理估值。

Therefore, I would say that the stock appears to be undervalued based on the price-to-free cash flow ratio, while it appears to be fairly valued when using my discounted cash flow model.

我上一次评估这家公司是在7月31日,当时将其评为买入机会,信心程度为中等。今天我将重申这一买入建议,信心程度为中等。

I last evaluated the company on July 31, rating it as a buy opportunity with a medium level of conviction. Today I will reaffirm that purchase recommendation with a moderate level of conviction.

跨洋听风