$AMZN · Joseph Carlson After Hours · 2026-11-02
Amazon 基本面强劲且被低估:财报后 7% 的下跌只是短期噪音,营收增长 15.4%,AWS 增长 39%、利润率 38.7%,自由现金流为负源于主动的 AI/云资本开支。他给出 350 美元的公允价值,意味着约 40% 的上行空间;他认为股价本应更高。
逐段跳播
就在我发布关于 Google 财报的视频、分析所发生的一切时,Amazon 公布了财报,股价同时下跌了 7%。
while I was posting my video about Google's earnings and analyzing everything that happened, Amazon announced its earnings and they dropped by 7% at the same time.
接下来名单上的是 Amazon。就这只股票而言,它现在是我的第二大持仓。持仓金额为 182,000 美元,盈利 57,000 美元。
Now, next on our list is Amazon. As for this stock, it is now my second largest investment position. It is at $182,000, with a profit of $57,000 .
至于 Amazon,它经历了一份更像过山车一样的财报。这真的很有意思,因为 Amazon 一公布财报,股价就大幅下跌。事实上,很多投资者都在说:“天哪,股价跌了 7%。我该怎么办?
Google 的股票刚跌,现在又轮到 Amazon,市场要崩了。”但看看这一周剩下的时间发生了什么。过去五天里,Amazon 的表现一直很稳定。事实上,它还小幅上涨了。
As for Amazon, it went through an earnings report that was more like a rollercoaster ride. This is really funny, because immediately after Amazon announced its earnings, the stock price dropped significantly.
In fact, many investors were saying, "Oh my God, the stock is down 7%. What am I going to do? Google's stock just dropped and now Amazon, the market is crashing." But look at what happened during the rest of the week.
Over the past five days, Amazon's performance has remained stable. In fact, it has risen slightly.
所以,你可以从价格图上看到发生了什么。他们公布了利润,股价下跌了 7%。然后第二天早上,股价上涨了 3% 或 4%,收复了部分跌幅。再后来,今天上午又涨了 3% 或 4%。现在,它根据本周的表现,在上涨和下跌区间之间波动。
所以,它刚刚跌入下跌区间,跌幅为 0.06%。但基本上,如果你过去四天一直在睡觉,你根本不会注意到 Amazon 的价格有任何变化。它会完全一样。因此,股价先跌后涨带来的所有这些情绪波动,正是所谓的短期噪音。这类东西你应该忽略,在投资时不要把它考虑进去。
So, you can see what happened here on the price chart. They announced their profits, and the stock fell by 7%. Then the following morning, the stock rose by 3 or 4% to recover part of the loss.
And then later this morning, it rose by another 3 or 4%. Now, it fluctuates between the green and red zones based on the week's performance. So, it has just dropped into the red zone by 0.06%.
But basically, if you had slept through the last four days, you wouldn't have noticed any difference in the Amazon price. It will be exactly the same. Therefore, all this emotional volatility with the stock falling and rising again is exactly what is called short-term noise.
This is the kind of thing you should ignore and not take into account when making your investments.
现在,具体看 Amazon,我认为它是世界上最伟大的公司之一。我相信 Amazon 是世界上最具结构性优势的公司之一。最新的财报让我印象非常深刻。
Now, when I look at Amazon specifically, I think it is one of the greatest companies in the world. I believe that Amazon is one of the most structurally strong companies in the world.
I was really impressed with the latest earnings report.
但目前,我对 Amazon 的目标价或公允价值评估是 350。这意味着,从今天起,我认为这家公司有大约 40% 的上涨潜力。它是世界上最好的股票之一。我认为它拥有非常宽广的竞争优势,而且我喜欢它的增长。
事实上,增长相当令人印象深刻。我不理解为什么 Amazon 的股价会跌这么多。看空这只股票的理由非常薄弱,我相信这家公司的未来和以往一样光明。所以,我把 Amazon 的目标价定为 350。我认为它是当今最好的机会之一。
But right now, my price target or fair value assessment for Amazon is 350. That means that from today, I think there is potential for an upside of approximately 40% in this company.
It is one of the best stocks in the world. I think it has a very broad competitive advantage , and I like its growth. In fact, the growth was quite impressive. I don't understand why Amazon's stock has dropped so much.
The argument against the stock is very weak, and I believe the company's future is as bright as it has ever been. So, I set my Amazon target at 350. I think it's one of the best opportunities available today.
另一方面,Amazon 拥有强大的结构性优势。Amazon Web Services(AWS)规模非常大。而且物流网络极其庞大。我认为 Amazon 的故事稍微更清晰一些。
On the other hand, Amazon has great structural strength. Amazon Web Services ( AWS) is very large. And the logistics network is enormous. I think Amazon's story is a little clearer.
现在,Amazon 和 Google 都被显著低估,你可能会问,我为什么不在今天买入这些公司。原因是我已经持有这些公司的大量股份。我对自己的投资布局非常乐观。我在这些公司里大约有 200,000 美元,或者 150,000 美元甚至更多。我还需要持有多少,才能证明我对它乐观?
Now, with Amazon and Google both significantly undervalued, you might wonder why I wouldn't buy these companies today. The reason is that I already own large shares in these companies .
I am very optimistic about my investment positioning . I have approximately $200,000 or $150,000 or more in these companies. How much more do I need to possess to prove that I am optimistic about it?
现在,我们来看 Amazon 的财报。公司上周公布了业绩,财报发布后股价立刻下跌了 7%。因此,股价在盘后交易中处于低位,投资者非常担心。第二天股价又收复了大约一半的跌幅。然后在下一个交易日,也就是今天,股价基本维持在财报发布前的水平,几乎没有变化。
Now, let's move on to Amazon's earnings report. The company announced its results last week, and the stock immediately fell by 7% after the report. Therefore, the stock is low in after-hours trading, and investors are very worried.
The stock then recovered by about half the next day. Then on the next trading day, which is today, the stock remained almost unchanged at its level before the report.
Amazon 仍然是我认为被低估的一家公司,我想回顾一下它的一些财务数据。所以,我们来看看这家公司当时的情况。
Amazon is still a company that I believe is undervalued, and I want to review some of its financial data. So, we'll take a look at what was happening with this company.
首先,我们看营收。这里有一张显示营收随时间增长的图表,我想把其中一些部分放大给你们看。所以,我们来到上个季度的末尾。它增长了 15.4%。这是随时间变化的增长率。我们一直在看过去两年的情况。
这是 2023 年 9 月。它升到 12%,然后降到 10%,之后增长率开始上升。12%、13%、14%、15%,最高到 16%,现在大约在 15.5%。
First, we look at the revenue. Here is a graph showing revenue growth over time, and I want to enlarge some parts of it to show you. So, here we are at the end of this last quarter.
It has grown by 15.4%. This is the growth rate over time. We have been looking at it for the past two years. This is September 2023. It rose to 12%, then fell to 10%, and then the growth rate started to increase. 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, up to 16%, and now at about 15.5 %.
所以,当我看到这些时,我发现 Amazon 的实际增长率真的很好。上一份财报非常出色。这家公司正在快速增长。对于 Amazon 这种规模的公司来说,它仍在以超过 15% 的速度增长。
这太疯狂了。当然,其中很大一部分增长来自 AWS 服务。
So, when I look at this, I find that Amazon's actual growth rate is really good. The last report was excellent. This company is growing rapidly. For a company the size of Amazon, it's still growing by more than 15%.
This is crazy. Of course, much of this growth is due to the AWS service.
现在,当我们看分析师对未来八个季度,也就是未来两年的前瞻性预测时,我们发现它们稳定在 15% 到 15.5% 的水平。它会在约四个季度内小幅下降,然后再次加速到大约 17.8%。
它快速增长的原因是 AWS 服务正变得越来越大、越来越广泛。它在这家公司中占据的比例越来越大。
Now, when we look at analysts' forward-looking estimates for the next eight quarters, i.e., the next two years, we find that they are settling at a level of 15 to 15.5 percent.
It will decline slightly over about four quarters, then accelerate again to about 17.8%. The reason for its rapid growth is that the AWS service is becoming increasingly large and expansive. It forms a larger part of the company.
从更完整的时间线来看,情况是这样的。我们看到 Amazon 的增长每年都在加快。Amazon 最近过去 12 个月的营收为 7970 亿美元。因此,它的年化运营规模约为 8000 亿美元。
Amazon 将成为第一家 12 个月内营收达到 1 万亿美元的公司,除非 SpaceX 设法赶上并超越它。这是 Elon Musk 说的,但 Amazon 已经非常接近了。到 2028 年底,它 12 个月内的营收很可能超过 1 万亿美元。
When viewed on a more comprehensive timeline, this is what it looks like . We see Amazon's growth increasing every year at an accelerating pace. Amazon recently generated $797 billion in revenue over the past 12 months.
Therefore, it is operating at an annual rate of approximately $800 billion. Amazon will be the first company to achieve $1 trillion in revenue within 12 months, unless SpaceX manages to catch up and surpass it.
That's what Elon Musk says, but Amazon is already very close to that. By the end of 2028, its revenues are likely to exceed $1 trillion within 12 months.
如果从上一季度外推,年化营收率会高得多。当我看到 Amazon 和 Google 这样的公司时,我发现它们增长得非常快。Google 显然增长更快,但 Amazon 的基数要大得多。
The annual revenue rate, if you extrapolate from the last quarter, would be much higher. When I look at companies like Amazon and Google, I find that they are growing very rapidly.
Google is clearly growing faster, but Amazon is operating from a much larger base.
然后是业务板块,其中 AWS 正以极快的速度增长。因此,我们看营收和营业利润率。Amazon 有趣的一点是,它的营业利润率持续上升。随着时间的推移,Amazon 的零售业务变得更赚钱、利润率更高、效率更高。
它确实是一家盈利的公司。它确实非常、非常好。但现在,他们的仓库里有超过一百万个机器人。因此,仓库本身,也就是物流中心内部的运营已经高度优化。
Then there are the business sectors, where AWS is growing at an extremely rapid pace . Therefore, we look at revenue and operating margin. One of the interesting things about Amazon is that its operating margins continue to rise.
Amazon's retail business has become more profitable, higher margins, and more efficient over time. It is indeed a profitable company. It is indeed very, very good. But right now, they have more than a million robots inside their warehouses.
Therefore, operations are highly optimized within the warehouses themselves, i.e., the logistics centers .
尚未完全改善的是配送流程的最后一英里。我们仍然有很多人在做这件事,也就是送包裹的人。我认为 Amazon 的下一步将是最后一英里配送。会有自动驾驶汽车和机器人出去送包裹。听起来很疯狂,但这将在未来十年内成为实实在在的现实。
我们还会用无人机送包裹。这将比他们目前的工作方式改进和高效得多。
What hasn't been fully improved is the final mile of the delivery process. We still have plenty of people doing that, people delivering parcels. I think the next step Amazon will take is last-mile delivery .
You will have self-driving cars , and robots going out to deliver parcels. It sounds crazy, but it will become a tangible reality within the next ten years. We will also have drones delivering parcels .
It will be much more improved and efficient than their current work.
所以,即使有如此庞大的营收基数,其中很大一部分利润率较低,它的利润率仍会上升。对于一家营收达到这种水平的公司来说,利润率的任何提升都意义重大。
So, even with this huge revenue base, much of which has low profit margins, its margins will rise. Any increase in margin at a company with this level of revenue is significant.
投资者担忧的原因仍然是,Amazon 把零售业务的全部利润、广告业务的全部利润以及 AWS 的全部利润,都投入到大规模的资本支出中。
The reason for investors' concern remains that Amazon takes all the profits from its retail business, all the profits from its advertising business , and all the profits from AWS, and directs them towards massive capital expenditures.
由于他们为建造所有这些数据中心而进行的大规模资本投资,上个季度的自由现金流已大幅转为负值。他们知道这是一个千载难逢的机会。
Free cash flow has swung deeply into negative territory in the last quarter due to the scale of their capital investment to build all these data centers. They know this is a once-in-a- lifetime opportunity.
在这个阶段,Amazon 的投资很可能超过任何其他公司,甚至超过其他大型科技公司。
Amazon is probably investing more than anyone at this stage, even more than other major technology companies.
他们上个季度的自由现金流缺口仅一个季度就达到340亿美元。这真是令人难以置信。这家公司投入的资金之多简直惊人。
Their last quarter saw a $34 billion shortfall in free cash flow in just one quarter. That's truly unbelievable. It's incredible how much money this company invests.
现在,回顾历史,你可以更清楚地看到全貌。Amazon 在大型投资周期中会产生负的自由现金流。我们在2021年末和2022年初看到的那些投资,是为了建设其庞大的物流基础设施。
Now, when we look at history, you can form a better picture here. Amazon generates negative free cash flows during large investment cycles. Those we saw in late 2021 and early 2022 were for building its massive logistics infrastructure.
你还记得吗?Amazon 当时说,由于新冠疫情,更多人转向线上购物,需求巨大,因此要把物流网络扩大一倍。正因如此,现金流才变成了负值。他们进行了那些巨额投资,代价很高。这也导致股票遭到抛售。
当投资者看到现金流转为负值时,会给股价带来显著压力。
Do you remember when Amazon said we had huge demand because of Covid and more people shopping online, and that we would double our logistics network? Well, that's why the cash flow has become negative.
They made those huge investments. And that was costly. This also caused the stock to be sold . When investors see cash flow turn negative, it puts significant pressure on the price.
但随后,当他们走出那个投资周期时,你能看到发生了什么。自由现金流开始恢复为正增长趋势,达到500亿美元。
But then, when they came out of that investment cycle, you could see what happened. Free cash flow has begun to return to a positive trend, reaching $50 billion .
当时我在想,自由现金流会达到700亿美元和1000亿美元。事实上,我在2023年初的预测是,Amazon 产生的自由现金流将超过地球上任何其他公司。
Now, I was thinking that free cash flow would reach $70 billion and $100 billion . In fact, my prediction at the time, in early 2023, was that Amazon would generate more free cash flow than any other company on the planet.
但这些预测错了,因为人工智能变得比大多数人预期的重要得多,也快得多。人工智能需要巨大的算力。Amazon 在其计算业务中看到了需求的早期迹象,于是他们没有去改善现金流,而是说我们又有了一次不可思议的机会。
我们需要换挡,需要改变方向,需要向前推进并抓住这个机会。
But those predictions were wrong because artificial intelligence has become much more important and much faster than most people expected. Artificial intelligence requires enormous computing power.
Amazon saw early signs of demand in its computing business, and instead of improving cash flow, they said we have another incredible opportunity. We need to change gears. We need to change course, we need to move forward and seize this opportunity.
这个机会代价高昂,但它意味着要打造 AWS,使其成为最大的云托管公司和最大的人工智能提供商。因此,随着他们在资本支出上的投资再次增加,他们的现金流稳步下降。
The opportunity was costly, but it meant building AWS to become the largest cloud hosting company and the largest provider of artificial intelligence. So, their cash flows steadily declined as their investments in capital expenditures increased again.
这些计算把数字大幅拉低了。目前,过去十二个月的自由现金流缺口为470亿美元。
Ah, the calculations are pushing this number down significantly. Now, we have a $47 billion shortfall in free cash flow over the past twelve months.
为了让你了解他们的自由现金流利润率,情况是这样的。在投资周期中,该比率降至负6%。当他们开始改善利润时,它会回升到7%或8%,但当他们重新进入投资模式时,该指标又跌回负值区间。
To give you an idea of their free cash flow margins , this is what it looks like. During investment cycles, the ratio drops to negative 6%. It rises back to 7 or 8% when they start improving profits, but when they return to investment mode, the index drops back into negative territory.
我们正好回到了2021年末负6%的水平。如果我们把他们的自由现金流利润率与资本支出放在一起看长期走势,也能看到一幅有趣的图景。例如,当他们放慢资本支出步伐时,绿色的自由现金流利润率实际上在上升。
然后,当他们经历第一个资本支出周期时,自由现金流利润率大幅下滑。之后当压力缓解时它又开始回升,但随着资本支出再次大幅增加,而且这次为了人工智能增加得更多,自由现金流利润率随之下降。
We are back exactly where we were in late 2021 at a negative 6% level. If we look at their free cash flow margin coupled with their capital expenditures over time, this also shows an interesting picture .
For example, the green free cash flow margin was actually increasing when they were slowing down the pace of their capital expenditures. Then, when they went through their first capital expenditure cycle, their free cash flow margin plummeted.
Then it starts to rise again when they ease the pressure , but with capital expenditures increasing significantly again, and even more so this time for artificial intelligence, that free cash flow margin decreases .
但我要指出的一点是,他们在资本支出上花的钱几乎增加了两倍。所以,资本支出大幅上升,而自由现金流利润率却只是接近2021年末的低点。
But the one thing I will point out here is that the amount of money they spend on capital expenditures has almost tripled . So, it has risen significantly, yet the free cash flow margin is only close to the lows it was at in late 2021.
这意味着 Amazon 本质上是一家现金流产出效率更高的公司。
This means that Amazon is , in essence, a more productive cash flow company.
换个角度看,如果 Amazon 没有去追逐人工智能这个巨大机会,它本会是世界上现金流产出最多的公司之一。你只要把他们花在资本支出上的这些钱全部剔除,这些钱本会以现金流的形式回报给投资者。他们本会创造远超一千亿美元的自由现金流。
Another way to look at this is that if Amazon hadn't pursued this enormous opportunity in artificial intelligence, it would have been one of the most cash-flow-producing companies in the world.
You can simply exclude all this money that they spend on capital expenditures, which would have returned to the investor in the form of cash flow. They would have generated well over one hundred billion dollars in free cash flow.
所以,这一切都是刻意的决定。Amazon 正在抓住一个他们认为值得的巨大机会,他们相信这会带来更高的回报。从历史上看,一直都是如此。
So, this is all a deliberate decision. Amazon is seizing a huge opportunity that they believe will be worthwhile, and they believe it will justify a higher return. Historically, this has always been the case.
从历史上看,对于 Amazon,分析师一直都很担忧。每当它抓住任何重大机会、进行扩张,或者做任何花钱的事,投资者都会感到一些不安。
Historically, with Amazon, analysts have always been concerned. Whenever they seize any big opportunity, expand, or do anything costly, investors feel some apprehension.
当我们看每股收益时,会得到另一张图。和许多大型科技公司一样,数据本身是准确的,但脱离背景就会产生误导。过去一年,Amazon 的每股收益大幅上升,但其中很大一部分来自 Anthropic。
When we look at earnings per share, we arrive at another graph. Like many big technology companies, the data itself is accurate, but misleading without context. Amazon's earnings per share have risen significantly over the past year, but much of that has been due to Anthropic.
当你排除 Anthropic 相关因素、去看未来预测时,情况会变得更清晰、更公允。比如,有一些一次性的 Anthropic 收益让每股收益大幅跳升,而当这些收益从预测中剔除后,你可以看到它回到正常的增长轨迹。
When you exclude anthropic considerations and look at future projections, the picture becomes clearer and fairer. For example , you have one-off anthropic gains that made earnings per share jump, and when those gains go off estimates, you can see them return to their normal trajectory.
所以,如果去掉 Anthropic 那部分,你就能更好地了解 Amazon 的每股收益实际增长了多少。总的来说,当我看着 Amazon 时,我看到的是一个能够产生巨额现金流的公司的故事,而且它是在核心业务中产生这些现金流,但它没有通过回购和分红把这些钱回馈给投资者,而是投向了大规模的投资。
So, if you remove that part about Anthropic, you'll get a better idea of how much Amazon's earnings per share have actually grown. In general, when I look at Amazon , I see the story of a company that can generate huge amounts of cash flow, and it does so in its core business, but instead of channeling it to investors through buybacks and dividends, it channels it towards massive investments.
他们认为人工智能是一项值得投入的投资,我同意他们的看法。如果你不认同这个观点,你就不会投资 Amazon。它不是适合持有的公司。但我同意,这确实是一个真正的机会。
They believe that artificial intelligence is an investment worth pursuing, and I agree with them. If you don't share this view, you won't invest in Amazon. It's not the right company to keep. But I agree that this is a real opportunity.
比如,我们来看 Amazon 各业务板块随时间的变化。如果把结果筛选为仅限“Amazon Web Services”(AWS),我们可以看到它增长了39%。目前市场预期在40%到42%之间。
但这个增速已经非常快了。AWS 业务规模巨大,39%的同比增长令人难以置信。它创造了459亿美元的收入。AWS 业务极其庞大。它继续以非常快的速度增长,并且还会继续加速。
For example, we look at Amazon's business segments over time. If you filter the results to be limited to "Amazon Web Services" ( AWS) only, we can see that it has grown by 39%.
Currently, market expectations are between 40% and 42%. But this growth is already very rapid . AWS services are huge, and the 39 % year-over-year growth is incredible. It generated revenues of $45.9 billion.
AWS services are extremely large. It continues to grow at a very rapid pace, and will continue to accelerate.
在增长的同时,利润率也保持稳定。AWS 的利润率目前为38.7%。因此,它是一家增长极快、盈利能力极强的公司。
While it grows, profit margins also remain stable. AWS's profit margins now stand at 38.7%. Therefore, it is an incredibly fast-growing and highly profitable company.
Amazon 意识到了这一点,并希望加大投资。无论从哪个角度看,AWS 业务都是一项庞大的业务。这些数字很难放到具体背景中去理解,但他们预计 AWS 的增速将在2027年和2028年从39%跃升至每年40%以上。
Amazon is aware of this and wants to invest more. AWS services is a huge business by any measure. It's hard to put these numbers in context, but they expect AWS growth to jump from 39% to more than 40% annually in 2027 and 2028.
所以,这不只是在接下来两个季度有一次不错的跃升。不,他们认为它会在两年内增长超过40%。整整两年。Andy Jassey 在电话会上说,他相信它有可能在5到10年内成为一家营收达到万亿美元的公司,这太疯狂了。
他说的不是整个 Amazon 公司。他只是在说 AWS 的营收达到1万亿美元。
So, it's not just about a good jump over the next two quarters. No, they believe it will grow by more than 40% over two years. Two full years. Andy Jassey says on the call that he believes it could become a trillion-dollar revenue company within 5 to 10 years, which is crazy.
He is not talking about the entire Amazon company. He's just talking about AWS reaching $1 trillion in revenue.
在阐述这个机会时,他表示 Amazon 并不只是通过 AWS 成为一家人工智能公司。关键在于向云端迁移。记住,甚至在人工智能出现之前,Amazon 的 AWS 业务就已经在非常快速地增长。
When he framed this opportunity, he stated that Amazon is not just an artificial intelligence company through AWS. It's about moving to the cloud. Remember, even before the advent of artificial intelligence, Amazon was growing its AWS services very rapidly.
这表明全球 IT 支出中仍有约85%依赖本地基础设施。因此,还有更多人可以把他们的计算系统迁移到云端。他描述了将耗时10到20年的转型,在此期间,天平可能会向云服务倾斜。鉴于全球85%的 IT 仍留在本地,Andy Jassey 认为大部分最终会迁移到云端。这类似于一次重大的结构性转变。
It indicates that approximately 85% of global IT spending still relies on local infrastructure . Therefore, there are more people who can move their computing systems to the cloud.
He described transformations that would take 10 to 20 years, during which the balance could shift in favor of cloud services. With 85% of global IT remaining local, Andy Jassey believes that the majority will move to the cloud over time. This resembles a major structural shift.
在这种情况下,AWS 被认为就是“Visa”。当人们最终从本地系统迁移到云端时,会求助于这家公司。因为云拥有本地系统所不具备的大量优势。
In this case, AWS is believed to be "Visa". It is the company that people will turn to when they eventually move from on- premises systems to the cloud. Because the cloud has a huge number of advantages that local systems do not offer.
总的来说,我喜欢这份财报。我认为 Amazon 的股价今天应该更高。
Overall, I liked the earnings report. I think Amazon's stock should be higher today.
观察点
这个频道对 $AMZN 的历次判断
Joseph Carlson After Hours 在这只股票上共 5 条判断,这里只列相邻的几条。