对长期投资者而言,NKE 值得买入;尽管短期业务面临困境,当前股价仍提供了足够的安全边际。
逐段跳播
Nike 的股价刚刚暴跌至 12 年来的最低水平,较历史最高点下跌约 81%,仅今年一年就下跌近 50%。在最新的财报电话会议上,管理层做了一件非常严厉的事。我基本上是在告诉投资者,痛苦还没有结束,部分业务在好转之前还会变得更糟。
Nike's stock has just plummeted to its lowest level in 12 years, down about 81% from its all-time high and nearly 50% this year alone. In the latest earnings call, management did something very harsh.
I basically told investors that the pain wasn't over yet , and that parts of the business would get worse before they got better.
但这里有一个几乎没人谈论的意外。Nike 有整整一半的业务目前正在悄然蓬勃发展。这究竟是一个传奇品牌的最终底部,还是一把仍在继续往下割的落刀?
But here's a surprise that almost no one talks about . There is an entire half of Nike that is quietly thriving at the moment. Is this finally the bottom for a legendary brand, or is it a fallen knife that continues to cut deeper?
让我们先看看这次崩盘有多么惨烈。2021 年 11 月,Nike 达到约每股 180 美元的历史最高点。今天,在录制这段视频时,股价不到 33 美元。这是超过 80% 的跌幅,也是这个星球上最著名、最受信赖的品牌之一在五年间遭受的毁灭。
Let's start with how devastating this collapse was. In November 2021, Nike reached its all- time high of around $180 per share. Today, at the time of recording this clip, the stock price is less than $33.
This is a drop of over 80%, and a five-year destruction of one of the most famous and trusted brands on the planet.
为了说明这一差距的规模,Nike 需要从当前水平上涨约 424%,才能回到其旧的历史峰值。更糟的是,在被纳入 18 年之后,Nike 被逐出了标普 100 指数,该指数包含美国最大的 100 家公司。
To illustrate the magnitude of the gap, Nike would need to rise approximately 424% from here just to return to its old historical peak. Even worse , Nike was expelled from the S&P 100 index, which includes the 100 largest American companies, after 18 years of being included.
自峰值以来,该公司已损失近 200 美元的市值。如果你在 180 美元峰值之后立刻买入,你将连续五年每年亏损约 29%,把 10,000 美元变成不到 2,000 美元。
The company has lost nearly $200 of its value since its peak. If you bought right after the $180 peak, you would have lost about 29% annually, every year for five consecutive years, turning $10,000 into less than $2,000.
即便算上 Nike 一路派发的股息,你仍然会亏损超过 75%。这张图里隐藏着一个严酷的教训。到 2024 年年中,Nike 已经下跌约 50%,至每股约 90 美元。无数人说过,股价已经腰斩,最坏的时候肯定过去了。
但自那以后,股价又下跌了 60%。因此,永远不要仅仅因为一只股票已经下跌超过 50%,就认为它已经跌完了。
Even with the dividends Nike paid out along the way, you'd still be losing more than 75%. There is a harsh lesson hidden in this graph. By mid-2024, Nike had already dropped by about 50% to around $90 per share .
Countless people have said that the price has already halved, and the worst is certainly over. But since then, the stock has fallen by another 60%. Therefore, never assume that a stock is finished falling just because it has dropped by more than 50%.
Peter Lynch 一再说过:股价下跌并不意味着它现在就有吸引力。那么,最新的财报里发生了什么,导致股价进一步下跌?说实话,各位,上一个季度其实并不算一场彻底的灾难。是的,营收下降了 4%,但 Nike 每股仍赚约 48 美分,而且利润率略有改善。
Peter Lynch has said this time and time again : just because a stock price has dropped doesn't mean it's now attractive. So, what happened in the latest earnings report that caused the stock to fall even further?
Honestly, guys, the last quarter wasn't actually a complete disaster. Yes, revenue fell by 4%, but Nike is still earning about 48 cents per share, and its profit margins have improved slightly.
但真正的冲击在于预期。管理层现在预计今年销售额将下降高个位数百分比,每股收益仅在 1.15 美元至 1.35 美元之间。作为对比,华尔街此前希望实现约每股 1.70 美元。这远远低于预期。
But the real shock was in the expectations. Management now expects sales to decline by high single-digit percentages this year, and earnings to range between $1.15 and $1.35 per share only.
For comparison, Wall Street had hoped to achieve approximately $1.70 per share. This is a huge fall short of expectations.
平心而论,Nike 仍实现 7.12 亿美元的利润,并继续削减成本。所以,清理整顿正在见效。冲击主要与未来有关。投资者拼命希望 Nike 终于触底了。然而,传递出的信息是“还没有”,而且这次复苏会比我们想象的耗时更长、代价更高。这正是股价在第二天又下跌 3.6% 的原因。
To be fair, Nike is still making profits of $712 million and continues to cut costs. So, the cleaning operations are paying off. The shock was mostly related to the future. Investors were desperately hoping that Nike had finally hit rock bottom.
Instead, the message was "not yet," and that this recovery would take longer and cost more than we thought. This is precisely why the stock fell another 3.6% the very next day .
现在,关于 Nike 眼下最重要的一点,就是我之前提到的转型。实际上,一家公司里存在着两家不同的 Nike。一家状况良好,另一家则在受苦。
Now, here’s the most important thing to understand about Nike right now, which is the transformation I mentioned earlier. There are actually two different Nike companies that lie within one company. One is in good health, the other is suffering.
好,我们先从 Nike 的健康模式说起。那就是运动表现业务。跑步正在实现两位数增长。足球、网球和高尔夫也是如此。CEO Elliott Hill 让 Nike 重新聚焦真正运动的整个计划,在这里确实奏效。
就连北美也增长了 2%,批发业务在上一个季度增长 14% 之后又增长了 9%。Nike 的运动表现业务目前年收入约为 160 亿美元,并持续增长。如果把中国的危机排除在外,增长本可达到两位数水平。因此,基础运动战略并不是失败。
Okay, let's start with the Nike health model. It's the sports performance sector. Running is experiencing double-digit growth. The same applies to football, tennis, and golf. CEO Elliott Hill's entire plan, to refocus Nike on actual sports, is genuinely working here.
Even North America grew by 2%, with wholesale business up 9% after a previous quarter's 14% growth. Nike's sports performance business now has a revenue of approximately $16 billion annually and continues to grow.
If we exclude the Chinese crisis, growth would have reached double-digit levels. Therefore, the basic sports strategy is not a failure.
但现在,我们来到 Nike 更糟的那一半,这才是真正的问题。三大板块正在急剧萎缩。第一,Nike 的运动服和休闲生活方式鞋类,几乎占公司的一半,已出现两位数下滑。Hill 承认,Nike 因为做了太多一模一样的鞋,制造出了“一片雷同”。
事实上,Nike 故意将其热门“Dunk”鞋的产量削减了近一半,仅此一项就造成季度销售额 2 亿美元的缺口。解决办法是把这一庞大品类拆分成两个更小、更有针对性的群体。
But now, we come to the worse half of Nike, and that 's the real problem. Three large sections are receding sharply. First, Nike's sportswear and casual lifestyle footwear, which represent almost half of the company, has declined by double digits.
Hill admitted that Nike had created "a sea of similarity" by making so many identical shoes. In fact, Nike deliberately cut production of its popular "Dunk" shoe by almost half, which alone caused a $200 million shortfall in quarterly sales.
The solution is to divide this giant category into two smaller, more targeted groups.
现在说第二个问题,“Jordan”品牌出现了平均百分比的下滑。在这里,Nike 是有意缩减规模,因为它向市场投放了太多复刻款,抹去了最初让 Jordan 与众不同的稀缺性。
Now, the second problem, the "Jordan" brand, has declined by an average percentage. Here, Nike is intentionally downsizing because it flooded the market with too many retro releases, eliminating the rarity that made Jordans special in the first place .
第三个问题,中国,我们稍后会讨论,正处于自由落体状态。所以,痛苦的真相是,Nike 目前陷入困境的业务规模远大于正在复苏的业务。这就是为什么尽管部分业务在增长和繁荣,公司整体看起来仍在萎缩。
The third problem, China, which we will discuss in a moment, is in a state of freefall. So , the painful truth is that Nike’s struggling businesses are currently much larger than those that are recovering.
This is why the company as a whole seems to be still shrinking despite the growth and prosperity of some of its parts.
那么,市场现在怎么说?情况已经悄然改变。一年前,人们还抱有“修复Nike”的希望。如今,局面更像是部分业务在奏效,但并非整个公司。Hill表示,复苏仍在进行中,而且是一个运动项目、一座城市、一个国家地逐步推进。
但分析师们现在提出了一个非常合理的问题:为什么这次修复要花这么长时间?管理层的回答是,第一阶段修复了基础、文化、运动专注度和批发关系,直到现在,更艰难的改革才刚刚开始。
So, what does the market say now? Well, the story has quietly changed. A year ago, there was hope that we would "fix Nike". Today, the situation is more like some parts are working, but not the whole company.
Now, Hill says the comeback is ongoing, and it's happening in one sport, one city, and one country at a time. But analysts are now asking a very fair question. Why is this repair taking so long?
The administration's answer is that the first phase fixed the foundation, culture, athletic focus, and wholesale relationships, and only now do the more difficult reforms begin.
中国尤其令人担忧。那里的销售额已下降26%,标志着连续第九个季度下滑,管理层已公开预测今年情况还会恶化。在Anta等本土品牌抢占份额之后,Nike在中国市场的份额已从约27%骤降至16%。
China in particular is the most worrying part. Sales there have fallen by 26%, marking the ninth consecutive quarter of decline, and management has publicly predicted that the situation will worsen this year.
Nike's share of the Chinese market has plummeted from around 27% to 16% after local brands such as " Anta" captured its share.
Nike还推出了一项名为“Peace”的新成本削减计划,目标是节省约25亿美元,不过其中大部分要到2029年和2030年才能实现。
Nike also launched a new cost-cutting plan called " Peace," which aims to save about $2.5 billion, although most of that won't materialize until 2029 and 2030.
LVMH和Louis Vuitton背后家族的奢侈品品牌专家Alexandre Arnault也加入了他们。他们将他增补进了董事会。
They were joined by luxury branding expert Alexandre Arnault of the family behind LVMH and Louis Vuitton. They added him to the board of directors.
下一个重大时刻是11月的投资者日,届时管理层已承诺公布其计划的下一阶段。
The next big moment is Investors Day in November, when management has promised to reveal the next phase of its plan.
所以,整个讨论归结为一件事:这种痛苦是暂时的,还是Nike已经永久性地弱于从前?因此,一个非常明显的问题是:Nike是否仍拥有独特的竞争优势?也就是相对于竞争对手的特殊保护性优势。答案是肯定的,但它无疑已经开始出现裂痕。
So , the whole discussion boils down to one thing. Is this pain temporary, or has Nike become permanently weaker than it was before? Therefore, the very obvious question to ask is: Does Nike still have a unique competitive advantage?
That's a special protective advantage over its competitors. The answer is yes, but it has definitely started to crack.
从积极的一面看,Nike仍是全球最知名的品牌之一,年销售额仍超过400亿美元,拥有众多顶级运动员,并且仍在跑步和篮球等严肃运动领域占据主导地位。他们目前支持美国职业联赛中超过70%的篮球运动员。
这样的东西不会一夜之间消失,但如果不积极应对,它可能成为一个难以扭转的长期问题。
On the positive side , Nike remains one of the most recognizable brands on Earth, still generating over $40 billion in sales annually, boasting an army of top athletes, and still dominating serious sports such as running and basketball.
They currently support more than 70% of the basketball players in the American professional league. Something like this doesn't disappear overnight , but if it isn't dealt with aggressively, it could become a long-term problem that is difficult to change course.
我仍然觉得,而且我在很多视频里都说过,如果你随机问100个人最受欢迎的运动品牌是什么,Nike很可能在他们当中是胜出的答案。
I still feel, and I've said this in many videos , that if you asked 100 random people the name of the most popular sports brand, Nike would probably be the winning answer among them.
但裂痕就在这里。就鞋子而言,更换品牌几乎没有成本。你明天就可以出去买Hoka、On或Adidas,毫无问题。因此,Nike的竞争优势只有在人们比其他品牌更想要Nike时才成立。
But here is the crack. As for shoes, there is virtually no cost to switch between brands. You can go out and buy "Hoka", "On" or "Adidas" tomorrow, without any problem. Therefore, Nike's competitive advantage only holds true if people want Nike more than other brands.
警示信号已经清晰闪烁。该公司在中国市场的份额刚刚缩水到几乎一半。它正在把年轻明星输给竞争对手,比如Mbappe去了Aon、Yamal去了Adidas,甚至连英超联赛的用球合同也输给了Puma。
就连其CEO也承认,他们的生活方式鞋类已经变得重复。
The warning signs are flashing clearly. The company's share of the Chinese market has just shrunk to almost half. It is losing young stars to rivals, such as Mbappe to Aon, Yamal to Adidas, and even the Premier League ball deal to Puma.
Even its CEO admits that their lifestyle footwear has become repetitive.
那么,Nike的防御壕沟是真的受损了,还是只是这几年管理不善?Hill押注局面可以修复。至于眼下的市场,则并不完全确定。
So, is Nike's defensive trench really damaged, or has it just been poorly managed for a few years? Hill is betting that the situation can be fixed . As for the market at the moment, it is not entirely certain.
但有一个令人鼓舞的迹象:Nike在上海的旗舰店采用以运动为先的新做法,已连续10个月实现增长。这证明改革在正确实施时是可以成功的。
But there is one promising sign: Nike's flagship store in Shanghai has been growing for 10 consecutive months using its new approach that puts sports first. Evidence that reform can succeed when implemented correctly.
那么,各位,让我们从纯粹商业的角度来看双方观点。首先是乐观派的观点。支持乐观派的第一点:业绩的转变是真实的。我们一直在谈论的那些运动业务正以两位数的速度增长,这不仅仅是一个承诺。
它现在就体现在数字上。如果这一点持续积累,而陷入困境的部分最终稳定下来,整个公司可能会突然恢复增长。
So, guys, let's look at both sides, from a purely business perspective. First, the optimistic viewpoint. The first point in favor of the optimists: the shift in performance is real.
The sports businesses we've been talking about are growing at double-digit rates, and that's not just a promise. It shows in the numbers right now . If this continues to build up while the struggling parts eventually stabilize, the entire company could suddenly return to growth.
支持乐观派的第二点:Nike终于愿意为了品牌的长期健康而牺牲短期销售。缩减Dunk、减少Jordan Retro的发售、清理其在中国的疲软销售,这些都在损害当下的收入。但稀缺性和高端定价正是当初让Nike与众不同的原因,而一个愿意承受痛苦来重建这一点的管理团队,从长远看是在做正确的事。
The second point in favor of the optimists: Nike is finally willing to sacrifice short-term sales for the long-term health of the brand. Scaling back Dunk, reducing Jordan Retro releases , and cleaning up its struggling sales in China are all hurting revenue today.
But scarcity and premium pricing are exactly what made Nike special in the first place , and a management team willing to take the pain to rebuild that is doing the right thing in the long run.
支持乐观派的第三点是,已经有明确、真实的收益。北美正在增长。批发合作伙伴正在回归。利润率提高了,成本下降了,而Vomero、Studio Fleece系列以及Caitlin Clark的全新鞋款等新产品都是真正的成功。各位,这不仅仅是空谈。其中一些显然取得了成功。
The third point in favor of the optimists is that there are clear, real gains. North America is growing. And wholesale partners are returning. Profit margins have increased , costs have decreased , and new products such as Vomero, the Studio Fleece line, and Caitlin Clark's all-new shoe are real successes.
This is not just talk, guys. Some of them are clearly successful.
但当然,悲观派也有强有力的反驳。支持悲观派的第一点:中国作为该公司在全球最大的国家市场,可能根本不会经历暂时的衰退。它可能是永久性损伤。如果Nike无法赢回中国这个曾是其最赚钱的市场之一,其长期盈利潜力可能永久性地低于投资者的期望。
一份报告甚至预测,到明年年底,Nike在中国的市场份额可能下滑至约11%。
But of course, pessimists have strong counter-arguments . The first point in favor of the pessimists is that China, the company's largest country in the world, may not experience a temporary recession at all.
It could be permanent damage. If Nike cannot win back China, once one of its most profitable markets, its long-term earning potential may be permanently less than investors had hoped .
One report even predicts that Nike's market share in China could slip to around 11% by the end of next year.
支持悲观派的第二点:Nike最大的业务仍然受冲击最重。是的,运动表现在在增长,但两个最大的板块——运动服饰和Jordan——仍处于收缩状态。经过近两年的转型努力,三大问题仍然是三大问题。这是针对管理层最严厉的批评。
The second point in favor of the pessimists is that Nike's largest businesses are still the most affected. Yes , performance is growing, but the two largest sectors, sportswear and Jordan, are still in a state of contraction.
After nearly two years of transformation efforts, the three biggest problems are still the three biggest problems. This is the harshest criticism directed at the administration.
支持悲观派的第三点:竞争对手正从四面八方发起进攻。这不再只是Adidas。有On。有Hoka。有Puma。还有像Anta这样饥渴的中国品牌,都在争夺客户和明星运动员。当我们谈到的那些明星运动员开始转投竞争对手时,这表明Nike对文化的掌控可能正在减弱。与几年前不同,现在几乎每个品类都有强劲的竞争。
The third point in favor of the pessimists is that the competitors are attacking from all directions. It's no longer just about "Adidas" . There is an "on" sign. There is a "hoka".
There is a "Puma ". There are also hungry Chinese brands like " Anta", all competing for customers and star athletes. When the star athletes we've talked about start moving to rivals, it's a sign that Nike's grip on culture may be waning.
Unlike a few years ago, there is now strong competition in almost every category.
那么,各位,在我们深入探讨Nike以及我对它的看法之前,提醒一句:不要把我们标题和缩略图当真。我们不是来给你投资建议的。我们是来教你一套流程,让你有朝一日能应用到自己的投资中。
我们希望这能帮助你睡得更好、少一些情绪化。而当你晚上睡得更好、做出更少情绪化的决定时,会发生什么?我们希望你能赚到更多钱。
So, folks, before we delve into Nike and my opinions about it, a reminder: don't take our headlines and thumbnails literally. We are not here to give you investment advice. We are here to teach you a process that you can one day apply to your own investments.
We hope this will help you sleep better and be less emotional . And what will happen when you sleep better at night and make less emotional decisions? We hope you will be able to earn more money.
那么,我们来数一数这些数字。按照我的假设,Nike 的真实价值是多少?各位,Nike 今天的价格是多少?这不仅仅关乎股价,还关乎市值。市值等于总流通股数乘以股价。488 亿。为简单起见,就说 500 亿吧。
之后,我们有一个 637 亿的企业价值。这 150 亿的差额本质上就是他们的债务。各位,根据他们五年的自由现金流来看,这不算什么大事。因为他们只有 43 亿的自由现金流。但去年它降到了 22 亿。
So , let's count the numbers. What is the true value of Nike based on my assumptions? So, guys, what's the price of Nike today? It's not just about the share price. It's about market value.
It is the total outstanding shares multiplied by the share price. 48.8 billion. Let's say 50 billion for simplicity. After that, we have an institutional value of 63.7 billion.
This $15 billion difference is essentially their debt. Which, folks, based on their five-year free cash flow, is not a big deal. Because they only have 4.3 billion in free cash flow. But last year it dropped to 2.2 billion.
我还有另一个担忧:人们喜欢接近 5% 的股息。我不喜欢这样。为什么?因为它消耗了他们 24 亿的现金流。各位,他们去年并没有 24 亿。因此,他们不得不动用储蓄或借款来支付这些分配。
I have another concern: people like dividends that are close to 5%. I don't like that. Why? Because it consumes 2.4 billion of their cash flow. Guys, they didn't have 2.4 billion last year .
Therefore, they have to withdraw from their savings or borrow to pay these distributions.
各位,我的猜测是,如果股价持续低迷,而公司的转型需要更长时间,那是一种可能。公司可能会干脆削减股息,说:“听着,他们必须在股息上做两件事之一。用它来发展公司并回购这些便宜的股票。”
因为根据他们五年的自由现金流,这只股票的市盈率和自由现金流倍数只有 10 倍和 11 倍。以五年平均水平来看,这非常便宜。
Guys, my guess is that if the stock stays low and the company's turnaround takes longer, that's a possibility. The company might simply cut its dividend, saying, "Listen, they have to do one of two things with their dividend.
Use it to grow the company and buy back these cheap shares." Because based on their five- year free cash flows, this stock is selling for 10 and 11 times earnings and free cash flow.
This is very cheap when you look at the five-year average.
好,但我们这里还有一些其他不错的指标。高资本回报率。是的,五年平均值高于一年平均值。为什么?因为它取决于营业收入。在转型阶段,他们的营业收入在下降。所以我完全理解这一点。但话说回来,五年平均值仍然是 17%。
总利润实际上比几年前更高。我们这里看到 43%。再看看他们的利润率。平均年限是 10 年,9.5。平均年限是 5 年,9.5。一年,6.7。很明显,在这个转型阶段,利润和自由现金流都在下降。
Okay, but we have some other good metrics here . High return on capital. Yes, the five-year average is higher than the one-year average. Why? Because it depends on operating income.
During the transition phase, their operating income is declining. So I understand this completely. But again, the five- year average is still 17%. The total profit is actually higher than it was a few years ago.
We have 43% here. And look at their profit margin. Average age is 10 years, 9 and a half. Average age is 5 years, 9 and a half. One year, 6.7. It is clear that profits and free cash flow decline during this transitional phase.
各位,在我们继续之前,我想提醒大家,这是一家非常有争议的公司。当股价是 180 美元时,我们做了视频说,除非它跌破 100 美元,否则我们甚至没兴趣看它。人们怎么说?“它永远不会跌破 100。
你疯了。”现在股价继续下跌。“你买 Nike 是疯了。”我可能是,但我看问题的方式是这样的。我认为 Nike 在未来几十年还会存在吗?我认为会。如果不是这样,我会感到震惊。那么,下一个问题是,我认为他们的收入和利润在 10 年、20 年或 30 年后会比今天更高吗?
如果答案是肯定的,那么下一个最终问题是:基于我的风险和假设,我能否支付今天的价格,从而为我的资本带来非常足够的回报?这就是我们稍后会弄清楚的。
Guys, before we go any further, I want to remind everyone that this is a very controversial company . When the stock price was $180, we made videos saying that we weren't even interested in looking at it unless it dropped below $100.
What did people say? "It will never go below 100. You're crazy." Now the stock continues to decline. "You're crazy to buy Nike ." I may be, but my way of looking at it is as follows.
Do I think Nike will be around for decades to come? I think so . I would be shocked if it weren't so. So, the next question is, do I think their revenues and profits will be higher 10, 20 or 30 years from now compared to today ?
If the answer is yes, then the next final question is: Can I pay today's price that will give me a very sufficient return on my capital based on my risks and assumptions? That's what we'll find out later.
人们怎么说?“它永远不会跌破 100。你疯了。”现在股价继续下跌。“你买 Nike 是疯了。”我认为 Nike 在未来几十年还会存在吗?我认为会。如果不是这样,我会感到震惊。
What did people say? "It will never go below 100. You're crazy." Now the stock continues to decline. "You're crazy to buy Nike". Do I think Nike will be around for decades to come?
I think so. I would be shocked if it weren't so.
那么,下一个问题是,我认为他们的收入和利润在 10 年、20 年或 30 年后会比今天更高吗?那么,我们来看看这八大支柱。我想知道这些结果有多糟糕。实际上,并没有我想的那么糟。
有六项是正确的,唯一两项不正确是净利润和低现金流,这在我预料之中。但话说回来,基于五年平均自由现金流,债务很低,资本回报率高,还有股票回购,这是他们应该做得更多的事情。
So, the next question is, do I think their revenues and profits will be higher 10, 20 or 30 years from now compared to today? So, let's take a look at the eight pillars. I wonder how bad these results are.
Actually, it's not as bad as I thought. Six marks are correct, and the only two marks that are incorrect are net income and low cash flow, which is what I expected. But again, debt is low based on a 5-year average free cash flow , high returns on capital, and share buybacks, which is something they should be doing much more of .
但话说回来,基于五年平均自由现金流,债务很低,资本回报率高,还有股票回购,这是他们应该做得更多的事情。
But again, debt is low based on a 5-year average free cash flow, high returns on capital, and share buybacks, which is something they should be doing much more of.
那么,我们来看看分析师对这里转变的看法。各位,分析师预测到 2030 年 5 月,盈利将从 1.73 美元增长到 4.25 美元。在 20 倍市盈率下,股价会是多少?股价将是 85 美元。
接下来,收入增长。稳定,3.6,3%,然后跳升 20%。这里有很多分析师预测未来会有很多变化。但话说回来,他们是分析师。这只是看待这里预期的一种方式。
So, let's see what the analysts think about the shift here. Guys, analysts are predicting earnings growth from $1.73 to $4.25 by May 2030. What will the stock price be at a P/E ratio of 20?
Its price will be $85. Next, revenue growth. Steady, 3.6, 3% , then a jump of 20%. There are many analysts here who predict a lot of change in the future. But again , they are analysts.
It's simply a way to look at the expectations here.
接下来,收入增长。稳定,3.6,3%,然后跳升 20%。这里有很多分析师预测未来会有很多变化。但话说回来,他们是分析师。这只是看待这里预期的一种方式。
Next, revenue growth. Steady, 3.6, 3%, then a jump of 20%. There are many analysts here who predict a lot of change in the future. But again, they are analysts. It's simply a way to look at the expectations here.
另一件事是,我不会只看公司未来 3 或 4 年的情况。我总是从 10 年、20 年或 30 年的角度来看。现在,各位,我想提醒大家,我在 YouTube 上教学的原因,正是为了像 Nike 这样的情况。
人们会执着于股价,而不是故事。这很容易做到。我完全理解。但这里的目标是坐下来问:“从长期角度来看,我们在看什么?”
The other thing is that I don't look at companies over the next 3 or 4 years . I always look at it over the course of 10, 20 or 30 years. And now, folks, I want to remind everyone, the reason I teach on YouTube is for situations like the Nike situation exactly.
People get attached to the stock price, not the story. It's very easy to do . I understand that completely. But the goal here is to sit down and say: "Where are we looking from a long-term perspective?"
我在 YouTube 上听到的最常见的评论是:“我是长期投资者。”然后我看到他们说:“这只股票这个月跌了 30%。显然是一家糟糕的公司。”不。事实并非如此。
The most common comment I hear on YouTube is: "I'm a long-term investor." Then I see them saying, "The stock has dropped 30% this month. It's clearly a bad company." no. That's not the case.
每一家取得卓越业绩的公司都经历过重大下跌。没有任何公司能幸免于此。问题是:你是长期思考者还是短期思考者?我试图从长期角度来保持这场对话。
Every company that achieves outstanding performance experiences significant downturns. No company has ever been exempted from this. The question is: Are you a long-term or short-term thinker?
I am trying to keep this conversation going from a long-term perspective.
那么,各位,我们现在在这里,任务是对未来做出假设,并确定合适的支付价格。现在,各位,提醒一下。做出好的假设,尤其是对像 Nike 这样的公司,目的是避免高估预期。
So, folks, we're here now and the task is to make an assumption about the future and determine the appropriate price to pay. And now, folks, just a reminder. The purpose of making good assumptions, especially with a company like Nike, is to avoid overestimating expectations.
Nike 稍微更稳定一些,我们更容易做出假设,但话说回来,这是未来。我们不知道未来会怎样。我们可能完全错了;我们是人,会犯错。
Nike is a little more stable and it's easier for us to make assumptions, but again, it's the future. We do not know what the future holds. We may be completely wrong; we are human and we make mistakes.
这就是为什么我们需要安全边际。以下是我对 Nike 所做的假设。首先,我进行了 10 年的分析。我假设未来十年的营收增长率为 3%、5% 和 7%。这可能偏乐观,尤其是考虑到目前的情况有多糟糕。
因此,如果公司在未来几年不能复苏并增长,这些估计可能就过高了。
That's why we want a margin of safety. So, here are the assumptions I made about Nike. First, I conducted a 10-year analysis. I assumed revenue growth of 3%, 5% and 7% for the next ten years.
This may be optimistic, especially given how bad things are at the moment. Therefore, if the company does not recover and grow in the next few years, these estimates may be too high.
然后,我把利润率和自由现金流设定为 9%、10% 和 11%。下一个问题是:十年后,我会给 Nike 赋予什么样的市盈率和现金流比率?不是今天,也不是未来十年的平均水平,而是十年结束时的水平。
Then, I set the profit margin and free cash flow at 9, 10 and 11%. The next question is: What price-to-earnings ratio and cash flow ratio would I assign to Nike 10 years from now?
Not today, and not on average over the next ten years, but at the end of the ten years.
各位,我认为这家公司拥有竞争优势。它的资本回报率很高。过去十年每年 19%,过去五年为 17%,这一下降是由于其业务恶化。
Well, guys, I think this company has a competitive advantage. It has a high return on capital. 19% annually in the last ten years, and 17% in the last five years, a decline due to the deterioration of their business.
标普 500 指数中公司的平均市盈率在 15 到 16 或 17 之间。我的问题是:我应该给 Nike 赋予更高还是更低的市盈率?我认为它优于平均水平。因此,我设定了 18、22 和 26 的倍数。
The average price-to-earnings ratio for companies in the S&P 500 is between 15 and 16 or 17. My question is: should I value Nike at a higher or lower price-to-earnings ratio? I think it's better than average. Therefore, I set multiples of 18, 22 and 26.
最后,是 9.5% 的市场回报率,没有安全边际。换句话说,根据我的假设,Nike 今天的价值是多少?这不是我愿意支付的价格。它今天的价值是多少?
Finally, a market return of 9.5 percent with no safety margin. In other words, what is the value of Nike today based on my assumptions? This is not the price I am willing to pay. What is its value today?
那么,各位,我要按下分析按钮了。该股目前的价格是每股 33 美元。我得到的低价是 46,高价是 100,平均价是 68。
So, I'm going to press the analyze button, guys. The stock is currently priced at $33 per share. I have a low price of 46, a high price of 100, and an average price of 68.
各位,这意味着如果我按今天的价格买入,而我的低假设成为现实,我将获得 14.5%。如果我的平均假设正确,我将获得 20%。如果我的高假设成为现实,我将在未来十年获得 25%。
Guys, this means if I pay today's price and my low assumptions are realized, I will make 14.5 percent. If my average assumptions are correct, I will achieve 20 percent. If my high assumptions are realized, I will achieve 25 percent over the next ten years.
记住,这只是程序给出的结果。要知道,我必须在这些假设上是对的。
Remember now, this is just what the program says. Knowing that I have to be right in these assumptions.
现在想想你们刚才看到我做的事。当 Nike 的股价跌到 90 时,许多人说它便宜。然后它又下跌了 62%。这些人每个人都有一个故事。他们没有的是一个具体的数字。这就是区别所在。
Now think about what you just saw me do. When Nike's stock dropped to 90, many described it as cheap. Then it dropped by another 62 percent. Each one of these people had a story.
What they didn't have was a specific number. That's the difference.
我在这里不是要试图猜出 Nike 精确到美分的价值。我不会从电视上或从我的聊天群里快速采纳意见——在群里我的朋友们因为我持有 Nike 股票而取笑我。他们真的说现在没人穿 Nike 了。这种说法很荒谬。
I'm not here to try and guess the exact value of Nike in cents. I don't take quick opinions from television or from my chat group where my friends make fun of me for owning Nike shares.
They are literally saying that nobody wears Nike anymore. This is a ridiculous statement.
但我做出了自己的假设,并得出了一个价格。那么,这里有一个直接的问题要问你。你现在能为你正在考虑买入的下一只股票自己做这件事吗?如果答案是不能,那么每次你买入一只股票时,你都在做 Nike 定价为 90 美元时所有人都在做的事。你只是在期盼。
But I made my own assumptions, and I got a price. So, here's a straightforward question for you. Can you do that yourself now for the next stock you're thinking of buying? If the answer is no, then every time you buy a stock, you are doing what everyone did when Nike was priced at $90. You're just hoping.
这正是我们在社区里构建股票分析工具的原因。它就是我刚才在这里使用的同一个工具。你输入数字。你选择你想要的回报率,它就会告诉你正确的买入价格。所以,下次你喜爱的一只股票价格腰斩时,你不会再纠结它是便宜还是只是更便宜了。你将能够弄清楚。
This is precisely why we built a stock analysis tool in our community. It's the same tool I just used here. You enter the numbers. You choose the return you want, and it tells you the right price to buy.
So, the next time the price of a stock you love drops by half, you won't be wondering whether it's cheap or just cheaper. You will be able to find out.
那么,在买入一只股票之前,清楚地知道应该支付的价格,你能从中获得什么价值?我相信你会说这不止一天一美元。好消息是,你可以花 7 美元试用这整套东西 7 天。链接就在这个视频的正下方。
So, what value will you gain from having clarity about the price that should be paid before buying a stock? I'm sure you'll say it's more than one dollar a day. The great news is that you can try this whole thing for $7 for 7 days. The link is located directly below this video.
9.5% 这个数字告诉我们,如果你想获得市场回报,Nike 值多少,但我不希望任何人支付公允价值。我想要安全边际。
The 9.5% figure tells us what Nike is worth if you want to achieve a market return, but I don't want anyone to pay fair value. I want a safety margin.
那么,让我们看看 Nike 要跌到多低才能获得 15% 的回报。我要做的就是到这里来,把百分比改成我目标的 15%。这是我根据自己的个人情况为自己选择的回报率。
So, let's see how far Nike has to go to get a 15% return all the way down. All I'll do is come up here and change the percentage to the 15% I'm targeting. This is the return I chose for myself based on my personal situation.
各位,我需要 Nike 达到 32 美元,这是我的最低假设,65 美元是我的最高假设,46 美元是我的中间假设。
Guys, I need Nike to be at $32, which is my lowest assumption, $65 in my highest assumption, and $46 in my middle assumption.
对我来说,对于这样一个高质量的品牌,这只股票拥有足够的安全边际。
For me, this stock has a sufficient margin of safety for such a high-quality brand.
我想知道,10年后人们会不会说:“看看Nike在每股32美元时有多清晰。”这一点非常明显。批评者会说:“但Paul,你是在价格低于70的时候买入的。”你说得对,我也是,而且我正在把以美元计的平均成本向下调整。
这并不意味着你也应该这么做,但对未来十年而言,我对这个决定感到安心。
I wonder if people will say in 10 years: "Look how clear Nike was at $32 a share." It was very obvious. Well, the critics will say: "But Paul, you were buying when the price was under seventy."
You're right, I was too, and I'm adjusting the average cost in dollars downwards. This does not mean that you should do it, but I am comfortable with this decision for the next ten years.
大家好,我们有一份免费和付费的Nike分析PDF,其中总结了我们对这家公司的观点和想法。如果你有兴趣完全免费获取,请点击下方的链接。你只需几秒钟就能下载。
Hey guys, we have a free and premium Nike analysis PDF, where we summarize our views and thoughts about the company. If you are interested in getting it completely free, click on the link below. You can download it in just a few seconds.
各位,好消息是,这些关键指标能帮助你理解我谈到的所有数字;它们已完整包含在那份免费文件中。
The good news, folks, is that these key metrics are there to help you understand all the numbers I've talked about; they're fully included in that free file.
这个频道对 $NKE 的历次判断
Everything Money 在这只股票上共 3 条判断,这里只列相邻的几条。